Math Glossary Letter M
macaulay duration
noun
the weighted average term to maturity of the cash flows from a bond
magic sum
noun
sum of numbers in any row, column, or diagonal of the magic square
magnitude
noun
the size, extent, or importance of something
maintenance cost
noun
The cost of any repairs and maintenance that are necessary to preserve a fixed asset's working condition
makehams formula
noun
an actuarial formula expressing the present value of a payment stream in terms of its repayments instead of the payments themselves
map scale
noun
he ratio of a distance on the map to the corresponding distance on the ground
map scale
noun
the relationship between a distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the earth
margin
noun
the current level of an activity
margin of error
noun
a statistic expressing the amount of random sampling error in the results of a survey.

σp + z-score
markdown
noun
how much less a companys selling price is than the amount the item costs the company.
market
noun
a place where buyers and sellers can meet to facilitate the exchange or transaction of goods and services.
markov chain
noun
a stochastic model describing a sequence of possible events in which the probability of each event depends only on the state attained in the previous event.
markup
noun
how much more a companys selling price is than the amount the item costs the company.
mass
noun
a physical quantity of matter in an object. Mass is measured in terms of the weight of a body.
matrix
noun
a rectangular array of numbers or symbols which are generally arranged in rows and columns
maximum
noun
the greatest or highest amount possible or attained
mcnemar test
noun
used to determine if there are differences on a dichotomous dependent variable between two related groups.
md5
noun
MD5 (message-digest algorithm) hashing algorithm is a one-way cryptographic function that accepts a message of any length as input and returns as output a fixed-length digest value to be used for authenticating the original message
mean
noun
A statistical measurement also known as the average
mean absolute deviation
noun
the average distance between each data point and the mean
mean absolute percentage deviation
noun
a measure of prediction accuracy of a forecasting method in statistics
mean absolute percentage error
noun
a measure of prediction accuracy of a forecasting method in statistics.
mean percentage error
noun
the computed average of percentage errors by which forecasts of a model differ from actual values of the quantity being forecast.
measure
noun
estimate or assess the extent, quality, value, or effect of (something).
median
noun
the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample,
median absolute deviation
noun
a robust measure of the variability of a univariate sample of quantitative data
megabyte
noun
a multiple of the unit byte for digital information
megahertz
noun
one million hertz
mensuration
noun
the act of measuring; measurement
mesh
noun
A description of an object by a collection of small simple shapes
metaphone
noun
a phonetic algorithm, published by Lawrence Philips in 1990, for indexing words by their English pronunciation
meter
noun
the primary unit of length in the International System of Units
meter
noun
the basic unit of length in the SI system of units. The meter is defined to be the distance light travels through a vacuum in exactly 1/299792458 seconds. An interesting effect of the definition of the meter this way is that it fixes the speed of light in a vacuum to the exact value of 299,792,458 m/s.
microgram
noun
one millionth of a gram.
microliter
noun
one millionth of a liter.
micrometer
noun
metric unit of measure for length equal to 0.001 mm
microsecond
noun
a unit of time in the International System of Units equal to one millionth of a second
midpoint
noun
the middle point of a line segment. It is equidistant from both endpoints. It bisects the segment.
mileage
noun
a number of miles traveled or covered.
military phonetic alphabet
noun
a set of 26 words that are used to spell out letters when communicating over the radio or telephon
military time
noun
time is based on a 24 hour clock
millenium
noun
period of a thousand years,
millihertz
noun
A unit equal to one-thousandth of a cycle per second.
milliliter
noun
one thousandth of a liter
millimeter
noun
one thousandth of a meter
millisecond
noun
a unit of time in the International System of Units equal to one thousandth of a second and to 1000 microseconds
minimum
noun
the least or lowest amount possible or attained
minute
noun
Unit of time equal to 60 seconds
missing average
noun
A score or rank required to reach a certain average
mixed number
noun
a number consisting of an integer and a proper fraction.
mixture
noun
a substance made by mixing other substances together.
mnemonic
noun
a device such as a pattern of letters, ideas, or associations that assists in remembering something

Examples include ROYGBIV or Rainbow Colors
mode
noun
the number that occurs the most in a number set
modified internal rate of return
noun
a financial measure of an investment's attractiveness. MIRR
modified payback period
noun
Year in which the cumulative positive cash flows from investment exceed the total negative cash flows
modular exponentiation
noun
the remainder when an integer b (the base) is raised to the power e (the exponent), and divided by a positive integer m (the modulus)
modulus
noun
the remainder of a division, after one number is divided by another.

a mod b
modus ponens
noun
If conditional statement if p then q

p --> q
modus tollens
noun
If conditional statement if not p then not q

!p --> !q
moment
noun
a function are quantitative measures related to the shape of the functions graph
moment generating function
noun
the expectation of a function of the random variable
moment of inertia
noun
quantitative measure of the rotational inertia of a body
momentum
noun
the quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its mass and velocity.
money
noun
Any item or verifiable record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts, such as taxes
money multiplier
noun
A one-dollar increase in the monetary base causes the money supply to increase by more than one dollar. The increase in the money supply is the money multiplier.
monomial
noun
a polynomial which has only one term. Constants and variables are monomials as well as one term polynomials
monte carlo simulation
noun
a model used to predict the probability of a variety of outcomes when the potential for random variables is present.
month
noun
a unit of time, used with calendars, that is approximately as long as a natural orbital period of the Moon
morse code
noun
method used in telecommunication to encode text characters as standardized sequences of two different signal durations, called dots and dashes, or dits and dahs. Morse code is named after Samuel Morse, one of the inventors of the telegraph.
mortality
noun
a measure of the number of deaths in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.
mortgage
noun
an agreement between you and a lender that allows you to borrow money to purchase or refinance a home and gives the lender the right to take your property if you fail to repay the money you have borrowed.
mosteller formula
noun
Used in BMI, square root of the height (cm) multiplied by the weight (kg) divided by 3600
mu
noun
A letter of the greek alphabet used for math notation.

Μ  μ
muliplication equality
noun
when we multiply both sides of an equation by the same number, the two sides remain equal
mulitiplication table
noun
a table showing multiples of a number
mulitiplicative inverse
noun
a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1
multifactorial
noun
generalisation of a factorial in which each element to be multiplied differs from the next by an integer
multinomial distribution
noun
a generalization of the binomial distribution.
multiple
noun
the product of any quantity and an integer
multiplication
noun
math operation involving the product of elements
multiplication array
noun
an arrangement of rows or columns that matches a multiplication equation
multiplication comparison
noun
a process or method in which one can determine whether a number is smaller, greater, or equal to another the product of two other numbers according to their values.
multiplication property of inequality
noun
we can multiply or divide both sides of the inequality by the same number and get an equivalent inequality
multiplication tables
noun
a table showing multiples of a number
multiplicative comparison
noun
comparing two things together that need to be multiplied.
multiplicative identity
noun
multiplying any number by 1 returns the number
multiply
verb
to add equal groups

*
multiplying
verb
to increase in number especially greatly or in multiples