Math Glossary Letter O
obtuse angle
noun
angle measuring greater than 90 degrees
obtuse triangle
noun
A triangle which has an obtuse angle as one of its interior angles.
octagon
noun
An eight (8) sided polygon

P = 8s
octal
noun
base 8 number system
odd number
noun
a whole number that is not able to be divided by two into two equal whole numbers
odd numbers
noun
Numbers not divisible by 2
odds
noun
The ratio of a payoff to a stake
odds probability
noun
Probability of odds paying off
odds ratio
noun
a measure of association between an exposure and an outcome
odious numbers
noun
A number with an odd number of 1s in the binary expansion
ohm
noun
unit of electrical resistance in the International System of Units
ohms law
noun
the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points

V = IR
omega
noun
A letter of the greek alphabet used for math notation.

Ω  ω=
omicron
noun
A letter of the greek alphabet used for math notation.

Ο  ο
open interval
noun
Interval with no endpoints

(a,b)
open sentences
noun
A math statement, either true or false, based on values supplied for a variable
operation
noun
A math process
operator
noun
any symbol that indicates an operation to be performed such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
opportunity cost
noun
the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen.
opposite
noun
diametrically different; of a contrary kind.
opposite numbers
noun
A number on the other side of the number line, with the same distance from zero
option
noun
a contract which conveys to its owner, the holder, the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on or before a specified date
option delta
noun
the theoretical estimate of how much an option's value may change given a $1 move UP or DOWN in the underlying security
order
noun
a position, rank or arrangement of numbers or objects
order of a matrix
noun
Number of rows times number of columns

,m x n
order of magnitude
noun
An order-of-magnitude difference between two values is a factor of 10

N = a * 102
order of operations
noun
a collection of rules that reflect conventions about which procedures to perform first in order to evaluate a given mathematical expression

PEDMAS - Parentheses, Exponents, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction
ordered pair
noun
A pair of numbers signifying the location of a point

(x, y)
ordered partitions
noun
a list of pairwise disjoint nonempty subsets of s such that the union of these subsets is s.
ordered triple
noun
Three numbers signifying the location of a point in 3-D space

(x, y, z)
ordering fractions
noun
Sorting a fraction set ascending or descending
ordering numbers
noun
Sorting a number set ascending or descending
ordinal
noun
a number such as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, that shows the position of something in a list of things

1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th
ordinate
noun
Absolute value of the y-coordinate, or perpendicular distance to the x-axis. For the cartesian coordinates (x, y), the abscissa is |y|.
ordinate
noun
The y-coordinate in any point on the Cartesian graph

(x, y)
origin
noun
On a two digit coordinate plane, the point (0, 0), where the x-axis and y-axis cross.
orthocenter
noun
The point where the three altitudes of a triangle intersect
orthogonal
noun
Two perpendicular lines - two lines forming a 90 degree angle
ounce
noun
A unit of measurement for liquids/solids
outcome
noun
a possible result of an experiment or trial
outer fence
noun
start with the IQR and multiply this number by 3. We then subtract this number from the first quartile and add it to the third quartile. These two numbers are our outer fences.
outlier
noun
an observation that lies an abnormal distance from other values in a random sample from a population
output
noun
what comes out of a function
overtime
noun
Hours worked over the standard 40 hour workweek