Math Glossary Letter B babylonian method noun A method to find square roots using dividing and averaging Bachet Conjecture noun Also known as Lagrange's four square theorem - every natural number can be stated as the sum of four integer squares bakshali method noun A square root method using perfect squares balance noun the difference between the sum of debit entries and the sum of credit entries entered into an account during a financial period balance equations noun A method of shuffling numbers and signs to get two sides of an equation to equal each other balance sheet noun financial statement summarizing a company's assets, liabilities and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time balance with interest noun The value of a fund when a balance is credited with interest for a specific period of time at a certain interest rate basal metabolic rate noun A measure of energy expenditure while at rest base conversion noun Converting a number in one base to another base baseball noun game played between two teams of nine players each who take turns batting and fielding basic math noun Elementary math subject to help students understand fundamentals, before moving on to more difficult subjects bayes rule noun Probability of an event, based on existing preconditions of other events bearing verb Angle measurement of a direction benchmark fractions noun common fraction that gives you a reference to measure other fractionswith bending beams displacement noun he behavior of a slender structural element subjected to an external load applied perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the element. benfords law noun the principle that in any large, randomly produced set of natural numbers, such as tables of logarithms or corporate sales statistics
30.1% will begin with the digit 1
17.6% will begin with the digit 2
12.5% will begin with the digit 3
9.7% will begin with the digit 4
7.9% will begin with the digit 5
6.7% will begin with the digit 6
5.8% will begin with the digit 7
5.1% will begin with the digit 8
4.6% will begin with the digit 9Log10 (1 + 1/d) bernoulli distribution noun A discrete distribution with two possible outcomes, n = 0, and n = 1 bernoulli trials noun Repeating an experiment using a bernoulli distribution beta noun A letter of the greek alphabet used for math notation.Β β better buy noun Comparing two price and quantity measurements to see which offer is better between noun A value or set of values which are greater than a lower value in a range and less than a higher value in a range bigram noun Two adjacent elements of letters, symbols, or words bill noun the amount due for products or services rendered including current charges and previous unpaid balance, plus or minus any adjustments. binary noun Base 2 for numbers bingo noun game of chance in which each player matches numbers pre-printed in different arrangements on 5×5 cards binomial noun Polynomial which is the sum of two monomials binomial distribution noun discrete probability distribution of the number of successes in a sequence of n independent experiments, with a success or failure outcome binomial multiplication noun Multiplying two binomials using the FOIL method binomial option pricing model noun iterative number tree for pricing options binomial theorem noun algebraic expansion of powers of a binomial binomials noun Polynomial which is the sum of two monomials biology noun study of life and living organisms, including their physical and chemical structure, function, development and evolution bisect noun Cut an angle into 2 equal parts. bit shifting verb operation performed on the bits of a value, moving them either left or right bitwise noun operates on one or more bit patterns or binary numerals at the individual bit level bitwise AND noun eturns a 1 in each bit position for which the corresponding bits of both operands are 1s. bitwise NOT noun flips the set of bits you give it, changing all the 1s to 0s and all the 0s to 1s.~ bitwise OR noun bitwise XOR noun a binary operation that takes two bit patterns of equal length and performs the logical exclusive OR operation on each pair of corresponding bits. The result in each position is 1 if only one of the bits is 1, but will be 0 if both are 0 or both are 1. black-scholes noun pricing model used to determine the fair price or theoretical value for a call or a put option blackjack noun A game of chance played with cards BMI noun Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight BMR noun Basal Metabolic Rate - How many calories you would burn at rest for 24 hours. body mass index noun Body mass index (BMI) is a measure of body fat based on height and weight bond noun a type of security under which the issuer owes the holder a debt, and is obliged – depending on the terms – to repay the principal of the bond at the maturity date as well as interest over a specified amount of time. bond price noun Current price of a bond based on interest rates and principal bond salesman method noun A formula to estimate yield rate for a bond bond yield rates noun the amount a bond pays out in interest book value noun the value of an asset according to its balance sheet account balance boolean noun value that is either true or false. denoting a system of algebraic notation used to represent logical propositions, especially in computing and electronics. boolean algebra noun branch of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values true and false, usually denoted 1 and 0 borrow noun to take (one) from a digit of the minuend in subtraction in order to add as 10 to the digit holding the next lower place. boxcars noun Slang for a pair of dice showing sixes on each die boyles law noun the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship, when temperature is held constant.P1 V1 = P2 V2 brahmaguptas formula noun A Euclidean geometry formula used to find the area of any cyclic quadrilateral (inscribed in a circle) braille noun writing system used by people who are visually impaired braking distance noun Amount of space required to stop a moving vehicle at a certain speed break even noun the point where your total revenue (sales or turnover) equals total costs such that profit is zero bretschneiders formula noun Alternative formula to determine the area of a quadrilateralA = sqrt[(s - a)(s - b)(s - c)(s - d) - abcd · cos2 (0.5(α + y))] budget noun an estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time. In economics, a budget constraint represents all the combinations of goods and services that a consumer may purchase given current prices within his or her given income. budget line equation noun Equation showing all the combinations of goods and services that a consumer may purchase given current prices within his or her given incomeI = Px Qx + Py Qy where I = Income, P denotes price, Q denotes quantity bushel noun capacity measurement byte noun Unit of memory size