Math Glossary Letter I identity noun an equality that holds true regardless of the values chosen for its variables imaginary number noun a real number multiplied by the imaginary unit i, which is defined by its property i2 = -1. import noun goods produced outside the boundaries of one country, which are then purchased by that country imports noun bring (goods or services) into a country from abroad for sale improper fraction noun a fraction which has its numerator value greater than the denominator. The value is greater than 1 in the black noun Having a positive account balance; having more money than is owed in the red noun Having a negative account balance; owing more money than is available inch noun a unit of length in the customary system of measurement. 1/12 of a foot. inclusive numbers noun includes the first and last number and all numbers in between. income noun the amount of money, property, and other transfers of value received over a set period of time in exchange for services or products. income elasticity noun the quantity demanded of a particular product depends not only on its own price (see elasticity of demand) and on the price of other related products (see cross price elasticity of demand), but also on other factors such as income.ΔD/D/ΔI/I income elasticity of demand noun measures the relationship between the consumers income and the demand for a certain good.εd = ΔD/D/ΔI/I inconsistent noun When a system of equations has no solution because the lines are parallel incremental cash flow noun the potential increase or decrease in a company's cash flow related to the acceptance of a new project or investment in a new asset. independent variable noun Variable which determines the value of dependent variables in an equation/inequality index noun an indicator, sign, or measure of something index form noun A way of writing very large and very small numbers so that they are easier to understand and work with. inequality noun a relation which makes a non-equal comparison between two numbers or other mathematical expressions.>, <, ≤, ≥ inertia noun a property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless that state is changed by an external force. inflation noun a general increase in the prices of goods and services in an economy initial velocity noun velocity at time interval t = 0 inner fence noun ut-off values for upper and lower outliers in a dataset inner quartile noun situated between the first and third quartiles of a distribution. innerquartile range noun contains the second and third quartiles, or the middle half of your data set also known as the IQR input noun what goes into a function input table noun a table that shows the relationship between sets of numbers that always follow the same rule. inradius noun a radius of an inscribed circle or sphere installment noun one of the amounts, usually equal, into which a debt is divided for payment at stated intervals over a fixed period installment payment noun the option to pay for purchases over time by dividing the purchase amount into smaller equal payments installment sales method of accounting verb an approach to revenue recognition in which the business owner defers gross profit on a sale until receiving cash for the sale from the buyer integer noun a whole number; a number that is not a fraction...,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,... integral noun a mathematical object that can be interpreted as an area or a generalization of area interest noun payment from a borrower or deposit-taking financial institution to a lender or depositor of an amount above repayment of the principal sum, at a particular rate interest only mortgage noun loan in which the borrower pays only the interest for some or all of the term, with the principal balance unchanged during the interest-only period interest rate noun the proportion of a loan that is charged as interest to the borrower or proportion of principal credit given to a depositor interest rate approximation noun A guess based on a formula for an interest rate interior angles noun the angles between adjacent sides of a rectilinear figure interior angles of a polygon noun Angles inside a polygon Intermediate Value Theorem noun When we have two points connected by a continuous curve: one point below the line and the other point above the line, then there will be at least one place where the curve crosses the line.If ƒ is a function that is continuous over the domain [a, b] and if m is a number between ƒ(a) and ƒ(b), then there is some number c between a and b such that ƒ(c) = m internal rate of return noun the annual rate of growth that an investment is expected to generate interpolation noun a type of estimation, a method of constructing new data points based on the range of a discrete set of known data points. intersection noun the set containing all elements of A that also belong to B or equivalently, all elements of B that also belong to A.A ∩ B intersection of 2 lines noun point where 2 lines cross interval noun a set of real numbers that contains all real numbers lying between any two numbers of the set interval counting verb counting by a certain multiple within intervals interval notation noun a method to represent an interval on a number line using subsets of the real numbers intrinsic value noun measures the value of an investment based on its cash flows inventory noun a complete list of items such as property, goods in stock, or the contents of a building inventory turnover noun a financial ratio showing how many times a company turned over its inventory relative to its cost of goods sold (COGS) in a given period. inverse noun opposite or contrary in position investment noun an asset or item acquired with the goal of generating income or appreciation. iota noun A letter of the greek alphabet used for math notation.Ι ι irr noun Internal Rate of Return irrational number noun a number that can NOT be expressed as the quotient or fraction p/q of two integers irregular verb noun verbs that do not follow the normal patterns for tense and past participle isosceles triangle noun A triangle with two equal sides and an unequal third side iteration noun the process of doing something again and again, usually to improve it, or one of the times you do it: