Convert 5 from decimal to octal
(base 8) notation:
Raise our base of 8 to a power
Start at 0 and increasing by 1 until it is >= 5
80 = 1
81 = 8 <--- Stop: This is greater than 5
Since 8 is greater than 5, we use 1 power less as our starting point which equals 0
Work backwards from a power of 0
We start with a total sum of 0:
The highest coefficient less than 7 we can multiply this by to stay under 5 is 5
Multiplying this coefficient by our original value, we get: 5 * 1 = 5
Add our new value to our running total, we get:
0 + 5 = 5
This = 5, so we assign our outside coefficient of 5 for this digit.
Our new sum becomes 5
Our octal notation is now equal to 5