Math Glossary Letter A abscissa noun The x-coordinate in any point on the Cartesian graph(x, y) absolute difference noun The distance on a number line between 2 values.|x - y| absolute error noun The difference between the experimental (Actual) value and expected or theoretical value absolute value noun A positive number representing the distance from 0 on a number line abundant numbers noun A number with a sum of proper divisors greater than the number itself acceleration noun Rate of change of the velocity with respect to time. Denoted as A(t). accounting verb measurement and communication of financial information accounting rate of return noun financial ratio used in capital budgetingAverage Return / Average Investment accrued coupon noun accrued interest is the interest on a bond or loan. The accumulation continued since the principal investment accumulated value noun The total value of an investment, including principal and interest accrued accuracy noun How close a measurement is to the true value actual noun results or observations that happen in real life actuary noun person who deals with the management of risk and uncertainty acute angle noun angle measuring less than 90 degrees acute triangle noun A triangle for which all interior angles are acute. add verb To bring two or more numbers (or things) together to make a new total+ adding verb The sum of elements adding polynomials noun Adding two polynomials and grouping like terms addition noun math operation involving the sum of elements addition equality noun Adding the same value to both sides of an equation does not change the equality of both sides addition fact noun The combinations of all sums of two 1-digit numbers Addition Property of Inequality noun Adding the same value to both sides of an inequality does not change the equality of both sides addition table noun A table showing the values of two numbers added together additive noun having the property that the sum of two quantities is equal to the sum of the values of each quantity additive identity noun when you add any number to zero, the result is the original number additive inverse noun the number you add to (n) to get a result of zero adjacent angles noun Two angles which have a common side and common vertex and do not overlap adjoint noun the transpose of a cofactor matrix aerobic noun exertion or organism requiring oxygen affine cipher noun substitution cipher, wherein each letter in an alphabet is mapped to its numeric equivalent, encrypted using a simple mathematical function, and converted back to a letter affix noun an additional element placed at the beginning or end of a root, stem, or word, or in the body of a word, to modify its meaning. age noun the length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed age difference noun The amount of change between the ages of 2 people algebra noun Study of symbols and rules in math algebraic expression noun A way to write a mathematical expression from a phrase algebraic substitution noun An algebraic expression with substitution rules for each unknown variable algebraic substitutions noun Putting numbers where the letters are in algebraic equations algorithm noun A process to solve a problem in a set amount of time aliquot sum noun aliquot sum is the sum of all the factors of a number except the number itself alpha noun A letter of the greek alphabet used for math notation.Α α alternative hypothesis noun opposite of null hypothesis. One of the proposed proposition in the hypothesis test.H1 altitude noun segment from the vertex of a triangle ot the other side of the triangle amortization noun Repayment schedule of a loan principal over time anaerobic noun exertion or organism not requiring oxygen anagram noun Word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase analysis noun detailed examination of the elements or structure of something angle noun the figure formed by two rays, called the sides of the angle, sharing a common endpoint, called the vertex of the angle. angle of elevation noun an angle that is formed between the horizontal line and the line of sight. angle ratio for a triangle noun An amount to express the size of each angle in relation to all three angles of a triangle Angle Side Angle noun postulate states that if two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to two angles and the included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent angular momentum noun rotational force annual percentage rate noun the yearly interest generated by a sum that is charged to borrowers or paid to investors. annuity noun A stream of payments annuity table noun A table if interest rates and factors for annuities annulus noun A ring shaped object, bounded by two concentric circles anova noun Analysis of variance - statistical models used to analyze the differences among group means antilog noun inverse log calculationy = antilog x --> 10x apocalyptic power noun A number of the form 2n that contains the digits 666 apothem noun a line segment from the center to the midpoint of one of its sides apothem of a pentagon noun line segment from the center of the pentagon to the midpoint of one of its sides apothem of a polygon noun line segment from the center of the polygon to the midpoint of one of its sides appreciation noun the rise in the value of an asset approximation noun anything that is intentionally similar but not exactly equal to something else. arbitrary noun A number which could be any number it is defined to be but for which no specific value is chosen. arc noun a portion of the boundary of a circle or a curve arc length of a circle noun Distance formed from the central angle2πrC/360 arccosine noun inverse cosine function of x when -1?x?1 arcsine noun inverse sine function arctangent noun inverse tangent function area noun Number of square units covering the shape area code noun numbering plan to classify each region in a calling area area of a circle noun Number of square units covering a circleπr2 area of a hexagon noun Number of square units covering a hexagon area of a kite noun Number of square units covering a kite area of a pentagon noun Number of square units covering a pentagon area of a polygon noun Number of square units covering a polygon area of a rectangle noun Number of square units covering a rectangle area of a rhombus noun Number of square units covering a rhombus area of a square noun Number of square units covering a square area of a trapezoid noun Number of square units covering a trapezoid area of equilateral triangle noun sqrt(3)s2 /4 area of the sector of a circle noun Number of square units covering a circle sector arithmetic annuity noun A finite stream of payments with a first payment P, and each successive payment increasing by r arithmetic perpetuity noun A infinite stream of payments with a first payment P, and each successive payment increasing by r arithmetic sequence noun A set of numbers starting with a number n, and each successive number adds an amount (r) array noun Items (such as objects, numbers, etc.) arranged in rows andor columns. ASA noun Angle Side Angle. Another trigonometry postulate. If the corresponding two angles and included side are equal on 2 triangles, then both triangles are congruent. ascending verb to arrange numbers in increasing order, that is, from smallest to largest. ascii noun American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication asset noun Resources of value in accounting. Land, Equipment, Cash are examples Associative Property of Addition noun A property stating the addition of numbers is the same regardless of grouping Associative Property of Multiplication noun A property stating the multiplication of numbers is the same regardless of grouping ASVAB noun Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery - Aptitude test for the military asymptote noun a line that continually approaches a given curve but does not meet it at any finite distance atmosphere noun the force exerted on a surface by the air above it as gravity pulls it to Earth atomic weight noun mass of an atom automorphic numbers noun A number with a square ending in the same digit as the original numberExample: 52 = 25 average noun A number expressing the central value of a setSum of Values/n Average Accounts Receivable noun Expected number of accounts receivable for a period Average Collection Period noun Number of days between a sale credit and collection from the customer average deviation noun Mean of the absolute values of the distance from the mean for each number in a number set average inventory noun expected inventory balance in a period0.5(Beginning Inventory + Ending Inventory) axiom noun A statement accepted as true without proof. an unprovable rule or first principle accepted as true because it is self-evident or particularly usefu axis of symmetry noun A line dividing a parabola into two equal halves. Both halves represent reflections of each other 